— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師教育一位病人關於預防心血管疾病的健康生活方式。下列哪項飲食調整最有效？
A nurse is educating a client about healthy lifestyle choices to prevent cardiovascular disease. Which dietary modification is most effective?
- AConsume protein exclusively from red meat完全攝取來自紅肉的蛋白質
- BReplace saturated fats with unsaturated fats✓ 正解以不飽和脂肪取代飽和脂肪
- CEliminate all carbohydrates from the diet從飲食中消除所有碳水化合物
- DIncrease intake of sodium for electrolyte balance增加鈉攝取以維持電解質平衡
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心血管疾病預防的核心在於控制血脂。以不飽和脂肪（如橄欖油、堅果）取代飽和脂肪（如動物油、奶油）能顯著降低低密度膽固醇 (LDL)，減少動脈粥狀硬化風險。其他選項均不符合營養學原則，過度限制碳水或攝取過多紅肉皆不利健康。
The core of preventing cardiovascular disease is controlling blood lipids. Replacing saturated fats (such as animal fats and butter) with unsaturated fats (such as olive oil and nuts) can significantly lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. The other options do not align with nutritional principles; excessive carbohydrate restriction or excessive intake of red meat is unhealthy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國飲食指南針對種族飲食習慣有更精細的調整建議；台灣則常參考「我的餐盤」概念進行衛教。