— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師進行產後評估。下列哪項篩檢是新生兒照護中維護健康的標準程序？
A nurse is conducting a postpartum assessment. Which screening test is a standard part of newborn care for health maintenance?
- AMetabolic and genetic screening (e.g., PKU)✓ 正解代謝與基因篩檢（例如：苯酮尿症）
- BSerum cholesterol screening血清膽固醇篩檢
- CVision screening using a Snellen chart使用 Snellen 視力表的視力篩檢
- DComprehensive blood pressure monitoring全面性血壓監測
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
新生兒篩檢（Newborn Screening）屬於二級預防，旨在出生後立即篩檢無症狀的嬰兒，以早期發現可能導致嚴重後遺症（如智能障礙、發育遲緩）的先天性代謝或遺傳疾病。及早透過飲食調整或藥物治療，能顯著改善預後。其他選項如血脂檢查並非新生兒常規，血壓監測僅針對高風險族群，視力篩檢則是在成長過程中進行。
Metabolic and genetic screening, such as testing for PKU, is a standard newborn care practice to identify asymptomatic conditions early. Early detection allows for timely dietary or medical interventions that prevent severe developmental delays and other serious health consequences.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國各州對新生兒篩檢項目（Uniform Screening Panel）有強制規範，台灣則由衛生福利部統一執行；兩者核心精神一致，皆強調早期診斷。