護理師照護一位有高血壓病史的病人。預期醫師會開立哪類藥物？
A nurse is assessing a client with a history of hypertension. Which medication class should the nurse anticipate the physician will prescribe?
- ABronchodilators支氣管擴張劑
- BAntibiotics抗生素
- CAnticoagulants抗凝血劑
- DACE inhibitors✓ 正解ACE 抑制劑
血管收縮素轉化酶抑制劑（ACE inhibitors，藥名結尾通常為 -pril）是高血壓治療的一線用藥，透過抑制血管收縮素轉化酶，減少血管收縮素II的生成，進而達到擴張血管、降低血壓的作用。對於有高血壓病史的病人，醫師常會優先選擇此類藥物以保護心血管系統。其他藥物類別（抗生素、抗凝血劑、支氣管擴張劑）均無降血壓的直接生理機制。
ACE inhibitors (drug names usually ending in -pril) are first-line agents in the treatment of hypertension; they inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme, reducing the generation of angiotensin II and thereby dilating blood vessels and lowering blood pressure. For clients with a history of hypertension, physicians often prefer this class to protect the cardiovascular system. The other drug classes (antibiotics, anticoagulants, bronchodilators) have no direct physiologic mechanism for lowering blood pressure.