一位 28 歲孕婦於懷孕初期詢問疫苗接種問題，下列何種疫苗建議在懷孕期間接種？
A 28-year-old client in the first trimester of pregnancy asks the nurse about vaccinations. Which immunization is recommended during pregnancy?
- AVaricella水痘疫苗
- BInactivated Influenza✓ 正解不活化流感疫苗
- CMeasles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)麻疹、腮腺炎及德國麻疹疫苗 (MMR)
- DLive attenuated intranasal influenza減活鼻噴流感疫苗
懷孕期間的疫苗接種需謹慎評估，原則是「避免活性減毒疫苗（Live attenuated vaccines）」，因為存在病毒垂直傳染給胎兒的潛在風險。MMR 及水痘疫苗均為活性減毒疫苗，孕婦應避免接種。然而，不活化流感疫苗（Inactivated influenza vaccine）已被證實對孕婦及胎兒安全，且孕婦因懷孕期間免疫系統改變，罹患流感後併發嚴重併發症的風險較高，因此建議於懷孕期間接種以獲得保護力。
Vaccinations during pregnancy require careful evaluation; the principle is to avoid live attenuated vaccines because of the potential risk of vertical transmission to the fetus. MMR and varicella vaccines are both live attenuated, and pregnant women should avoid them. However, the inactivated influenza vaccine has been shown to be safe for both mother and fetus, and since pregnancy-related immunologic changes raise the risk of severe influenza complications, vaccination during pregnancy is recommended for protection.