— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師評估客戶健康風險。下列何者被視為初級預防活動？
A nurse is assessing a client for health risks. Which of the following is considered a primary prevention activity?
- AAdministering the HPV vaccine✓ 正解接種人類乳突病毒（HPV）疫苗
- BCardiac stress test心臟壓力測試
- CGlucose tolerance test葡萄糖耐量試驗
- DColonoscopy screening大腸鏡篩檢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防（Primary prevention）意指在疾病尚未發生前，採取行動以阻斷病因。疫苗接種（如 HPV 疫苗）能誘發免疫反應，預防人類乳突病毒感染，進而從源頭預防子宮頸癌的發生。其他選項皆屬於篩檢或診斷工具，旨在早期發現已存在但尚未表現症狀的疾病，屬於次級預防（Secondary prevention）。
Primary prevention means taking action to interrupt the causative process before disease develops. Vaccination (such as the HPV vaccine) induces an immune response that prevents infection with the human papillomavirus, thereby preventing cervical cancer at its source. The other options are screening or diagnostic tools designed to detect existing but asymptomatic disease early, which is secondary prevention.