護理師正在與一位病人討論健康的睡眠習慣。下列何種因素可能對睡眠品質產生負面影響？
A nurse is discussing healthy sleep habits with a client. Which factor can negatively impact sleep quality?
- AConsistent sleep schedule一致的睡眠時間表
- BExposure to bright light in the morning早晨暴露於明亮光線下
- CA cool, dark, quiet bedroom涼爽、黑暗且安靜的臥室
- DUsing electronic devices in bed before sleep✓ 正解睡前在床上使用電子設備
睡眠品質容易受到現代生活習慣的干擾，特別是藍光暴露。電子設備（如手機、平板、電腦）發出的藍光會抑制褪黑激素（Melatonin）的自然分泌，導致生理時鐘延後，入睡困難。良好的睡眠衛生要求睡前一小時內應避免使用電子產品，並保持睡眠環境的安靜、黑暗與涼爽。護理師應指導病人將寢室僅用於睡眠，以建立睡眠與環境的制約關係。
Sleep quality is easily disturbed by modern lifestyle habits, especially exposure to blue light. The blue light emitted by electronic devices (phones, tablets, computers) suppresses the natural secretion of melatonin, delaying the circadian rhythm and causing difficulty falling asleep. Good sleep hygiene requires avoiding electronic devices in the hour before sleep and keeping the sleep environment quiet, dark, and cool. The nurse should instruct clients to reserve the bedroom for sleep only, in order to establish a conditioned association between sleep and the environment.