— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人關於心絞痛時舌下含服硝酸甘油的使用方式。哪些內容應包含在指導內？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of sublingual nitroglycerin for angina. Which instructions should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- ASit down before taking the medication✓ 正解服藥前先坐下
- BPlace the tablet under the tongue✓ 正解將錠劑置於舌下
- CCall 911 if pain persists after one dose若服用一劑後疼痛未緩解，請撥打911
- DStore tablets in a dark, airtight container✓ 正解將錠劑存放在深色、密閉容器中
- ETake up to three doses, five minutes apart✓ 正解最多可服用三劑，間隔五分鐘
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
硝酸甘油具有強大血管擴張作用，易引發姿勢性低血壓導致跌倒，故服藥前建議坐下。藥物需置於舌下吸收以避開首過效應。應教導三劑量規律（每 5 分鐘一劑，最多三劑），若症狀未緩解即需尋求醫療協助。保存上應避光防潮以維持藥效。
Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, which can lead to orthostatic hypotension and dizziness, so clients should sit down before taking the medication. The tablet must be placed under the tongue for rapid absorption and stored in a dark, airtight container to prevent degradation. Clients should follow the protocol of taking up to three doses, five minutes apart, and seek emergency help if pain persists.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆強調病人應隨身攜帶藥物且熟悉該處置流程。