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基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ

護理師正協助一名吞嚥困難病人進食。哪種姿勢最安全?

A nurse is helping a client with dysphagia eat. Which position is safest?

  • AHigh Fowler's (90 degrees)✓ 正解
    高福勒氏臥位(90 度)
  • BLeft lateral position
    左側臥位
  • CSupine with the head flat
    頭部平躺的仰臥位
  • DSemi-Fowler's (30 degrees)
    半福勒氏臥位(30 度)
Explanation · 中文詳解

協助吞嚥困難(dysphagia)病人進食時,最關鍵的護理目標是預防食物或液體誤入氣道導致吸入性肺炎(aspiration pneumonia)。高坐臥位(High Fowler's position),即床頭抬高至 90 度,是最佳選擇。此姿勢能有效利用重力,幫助食物順利通過食道進入胃部,同時能最大程度地打開上呼吸道,減少食物或液體誤入氣管的風險。病人應保持此姿勢至少 30 分鐘至 1 小時,以確保食物完全下嚥並消化,進一步降低吸入風險。 臨床思路方面,安全是協助吞嚥困難病人進食時的最高原則。除了正確的姿勢,護理師也應確保病人清醒且警覺、小口餵食、鼓勵病人緩慢進食、並在進食後監測是否有咳嗽或嗆咳的跡象。

The safest position for a client with dysphagia is High Fowler's (90 degrees), as it utilizes gravity to facilitate swallowing and minimizes the risk of aspiration. This upright posture helps keep the airway open and ensures food moves efficiently into the stomach. Other positions, such as supine or semi-Fowler's, significantly increase the danger of food entering the lungs.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國常會會診 Speech Therapist (SLP) 做吞嚥評估;台灣則多由護理師或復健科醫師執行評估。

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