護理師照護一位放置胸管的病人。下列哪些是胸管引流系統照護的正確措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a chest tube. Which nursing actions are appropriate for the management of the drainage system? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the drainage system below the client's chest level✓ 正解將引流系統保持在病人胸部水平以下
- BStrip the chest tube daily to prevent occlusion每日擠壓胸管以防止阻塞
- CCheck for fluctuation in the water seal chamber✓ 正解檢查水封瓶內的波動
- DClamping the chest tube when the client is transported在病人轉移時夾住胸管
- ETape all connections between the chest tube and drainage system✓ 正解用膠帶固定胸管與引流系統之間的所有連接處
胸管照護首重引流系統重力排水與氣密性。引流瓶需低於胸腔以防逆流；水封瓶若無波動代表管路阻塞或肺已完全擴張；所有連接處務必黏貼緊密以防漏氣。嚴禁常規擠壓管路（可能造成負壓過大損傷肺組織），亦不可隨意夾管以免導致張力性氣胸。
Chest tube care prioritizes gravity drainage and airtight integrity of the system. The drainage chamber must be kept below the chest to prevent backflow; if there is no fluctuation in the water seal chamber, it indicates a blocked tube or that the lung has fully re-expanded. All connections must be securely taped to prevent air leaks. Routine stripping of the tubing is strictly prohibited (it may create excessive negative pressure and damage lung tissue), and the tube must not be clamped arbitrarily to avoid causing tension pneumothorax.
美國醫院多有標準化胸管照護指引，台灣醫院因病房規範不同，對擠壓管路的操作限制嚴格程度各異。