— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
一位 70 歲個案預計接種帶狀皰疹疫苗。下列哪種情況護理師應暫緩接種？
A 70-year-old client is scheduled for a shingles (herpes zoster) vaccination. Which condition would require the nurse to hold the vaccination?
- ACurrent episode of active shingles✓ 正解目前正處於活動性帶狀皰疹發作期
- BTaking a daily low-dose aspirin for cardiovascular protection每日服用低劑量阿斯匹靈以保護心血管
- CHistory of mild seasonal allergies有輕度季節性過敏病史
- DCurrent mild upper respiratory infection with a temperature of 99.2°F (37.3°C)目前有輕度上呼吸道感染，體溫為 99.2°F (37.3°C)
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
帶狀皰疹（Shingles）疫苗為活毒疫苗（某些版本）或重組疫苗，其目的是預防免疫系統對水痘帶狀皰疹病毒（VZV）的再活化。若病人正處於活躍的帶狀皰疹感染期，個案的免疫系統正處於與病毒對抗的狀態，接種疫苗無法發揮預防效果，且會造成免疫系統負擔，故必須暫緩，待感染症狀完全緩解後再施打。輕微呼吸道感染或過敏並非疫苗接種禁忌。
The shingles vaccine should be withheld during an active episode of herpes zoster because the immune system is already engaged in fighting the current infection. Administering the vaccine while the disease is active provides no preventive benefit and may unnecessarily burden the immune response. Vaccination should be delayed until the acute symptoms and lesions have completely resolved.