— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為一位有姿勢性低血壓風險的病人進行安全指導，應包含哪些？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is reviewing safety for a client who is at risk for orthostatic hypotension. Which instructions should be given? (Select all that apply.)
- ARise slowly from a lying or sitting position✓ 正解從躺臥或坐著姿勢緩慢起身
- BDangle feet over the edge of the bed before standing✓ 正解站立前將腳懸垂於床緣
- CDrink plenty of water to maintain blood volume✓ 正解飲用大量水分以維持血容量
- DAvoid making sudden changes in position✓ 正解避免突然改變姿勢
- EStand up quickly to avoid dizziness快速站起以避免眩暈
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
姿勢性低血壓（Orthostatic Hypotension）病人起床時應遵循「動作緩慢」原則。起床前先坐在床緣（Dangle feet）適應姿勢，確認無頭暈後再站立。維持充足水分以增加血漿容量，避免血液過度滯留下肢。若出現頭暈，應立即坐下或躺下。快速站立會導致腦部灌流暫時不足，導致暈眩甚至跌倒，應嚴格禁止。
Clients at risk for orthostatic hypotension should rise slowly, dangle their legs at the bedside to adjust to upright positioning, and maintain hydration to support blood volume. Sudden position changes should be avoided to prevent drops in blood pressure and subsequent falls. Standing up quickly increases the risk of syncope and injury.