護理師正在照護一名經尿道前列腺切除術（TURP）後接受持續性膀胱沖洗（CBI）的患者。下列哪項觀察結果應作為潛在併發症進行通報？
A nurse is caring for a client with a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following observations should the nurse report as a potential complication?
- ASmall clots in the drainage tubing引流管中有少量血塊
- BLight pink urine in the drainage bag引流袋中有淺粉紅色尿液
- COutput is less than the amount of irrigation fluid infused✓ 正解排出量小於輸注的沖洗液量
- DThe client reports an occasional urge to urinate患者偶爾有尿意
TURP 術後 CBI 的目的是防止血塊形成並阻塞尿道。核心安全監測在於「輸入與輸出的平衡」。如果排出量（Output）小於沖洗液的輸入量（Irrigation amount），代表液體積聚在膀胱內，這通常是因為尿管被大血塊阻塞。這會導致膀胱過度擴張，增加壓力，甚至誘發出血或膀胱破裂，必須立即停止沖洗並嘗試抽吸排除血塊。淺粉紅色尿液是術後的正常預期表現，代表沖洗效果良好。小血塊（Small clots）在術後初期常見，只要不阻塞管路即可。尿意感（Urge to urinate）常因導尿管球囊壓迫膀胱三角區引起，屬常見現象。護理師必須能精確計算 I/O 平衡，這是降低術後併發症風險的基礎。若不處理阻塞，病人會出現劇烈腹痛，這是典型的安全防線潰敗。
If the urinary output is less than the irrigation fluid infused, it indicates a blockage in the catheter, causing fluid retention and potential bladder distension. This imbalance suggests the Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI) is failing to flush out clots, requiring immediate intervention to prevent bladder rupture or severe hemorrhage.
在美國，CBI 術後護理常涉及護理師自主調整沖洗速度（Titrate）以維持尿液呈粉紅色。在台灣，護理師通常也會根據尿色調整，但更強調沙袋壓迫（若有）與嚴格的每小時 I/O 記錄，且對於手動沖洗（Manual irrigation）的執行，台灣臨床往往需更明確的醫囑授權。