— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人的血鉀濃度為 6.2 mEq/L。護理師應預期心電圖監視器會出現哪項發現？
A client has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which cardiac monitor finding should the nurse expect?
- AShortened PR intervalPR 間期縮短
- BTall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高大尖銳的 T 波
- CProlonged ST segmentST 段延長
- DProminent U waves明顯的 U 波
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀（>5.0 mEq/L）對心肌細胞的電生理影響首先表現為 T 波高尖（Tall peaked T waves）。隨後可能出現 PR 間期延長、QRS 增寬及 P 波消失，最終導致心室顫動。A（U 波）是低血鉀的特徵。識別這些變化能預防突發性心臟驟停。
Hyperkalemia significantly affects cardiac conduction, with tall, peaked T waves being the earliest and most characteristic electrocardiographic change. As potassium levels rise, other changes such as prolonged PR intervals, widened QRS complexes, and loss of P waves may occur, potentially leading to ventricular fibrillation. Recognizing peaked T waves allows for prompt intervention to prevent fatal arrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對於危急值 (Critical values) 的通報程序相似，但美國 RN 對於判讀 ECG 基礎變化是執照考試的必備能力。