— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備對病人靜脈輸注 20 mEq 氯化鉀（KCl）。何者為必要的護理措施？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 20 mEq IV piggyback to a client. Which nursing action is essential?
- AAdminister as an IV bolus to ensure rapid absorption以靜脈推注方式給予，以確保快速吸收
- BAssess for peripheral edema at the IV site評估靜脈穿刺部位是否有周邊水腫
- CEnsure the client has a central venous line確保病人擁有中心靜脈導管
- DVerify the medication is diluted in appropriate volume✓ 正解確認藥物已稀釋於適當體積之溶液中
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子對血管內膜具有強烈刺激性，嚴禁直接靜脈推注（IV Push），否則會導致心律不整與靜脈炎。給藥前必須確認濃度與稀釋液體量是否符合安全給藥原則（通常為 10 mEq/100 mL），並透過幫浦嚴格控制流速。
Potassium chloride is highly irritating to veins and fatal if given as an IV bolus; therefore, verifying proper dilution is essential. It must be administered slowly via infusion pump to prevent vein irritation, phlebitis, and cardiac arrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆嚴格禁止 KCl IV Push，美國護理流程對給藥安全驗證系統依賴度更高。