— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的病人出現呼吸急促與即將死亡的恐懼感。護理師首要介入措施為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid breathing and a feeling of impending doom. Which intervention is the highest priority for the nurse?
- ATeach the client deep breathing exercises教導病人深呼吸練習
- BEncourage the client to discuss the source of their anxiety鼓勵病人討論焦慮的來源
- CAdminister an as-needed dose of an anxiolytic給予處方劑量的鎮靜劑（按需使用）
- DStay with the client and maintain a calm, quiet environment✓ 正解陪伴病人並維持安靜平和的環境
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對急性焦慮發作（Panic attack），病人的首要需求是「安全感」與「減壓」。護理師的陪伴能提供心理支持，且冷靜的環境能減少外部感官刺激，幫助病人降低恐懼感。在病人處於強烈焦慮與恐慌時，過多的邏輯對話或衛教往往無法被吸收，甚至可能讓病人感到壓力增加。待情緒穩定後，才是進行治療性溝通或衛教的時機。
During an acute panic attack, the highest priority is to stay with the client and maintain a calm, quiet environment to provide safety and minimize external sensory stimuli. Complex interventions like teaching coping skills or discussing anxiety sources are ineffective until the client’s distress level decreases and they can process information rationally.