— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師指導一位 40 歲客戶有關健康維持的知識。下列哪項敘述顯示客戶了解健康篩檢的重要性？
A nurse is teaching a 40-year-old client about health maintenance. Which statement indicates the client understands health screenings?
- AI should have a prostate-specific antigen test annually.探索病人失敗感的成因
- BI should have a colonoscopy every year starting now.透過移除有害物品來確保環境安全
- CI do not need a skin exam if I wear sunscreen.鼓勵病人參與團體治療
- DI will get my cholesterol checked every 4 to 6 years.✓ 正解評估病人的自殺計畫與意圖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據美國心臟協會與預防工作小組建議，低風險成人應每 4 至 6 年進行血脂檢查。大腸鏡檢查通常在 45 歲後開始（B錯誤）；皮膚癌檢查即使有防護仍需定期評估（C錯誤）；PSA 篩檢則需依個人風險與醫病共同決策，非所有人皆需每年進行（A錯誤）。
Standard guidelines recommend that low-risk adults have their cholesterol checked every 4 to 6 years. Other options are incorrect because colonoscopy screening typically begins at age 45, PSA screening requires individualized shared decision-making, and regular skin exams are necessary regardless of sunscreen use.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣國健署針對大腸癌篩檢（糞便潛血）為 50-75 歲，與美國 45 歲起算的建議略有不同。