— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
哪些藥物需要進行血中藥物濃度監測？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed a medication that requires serum concentration monitoring. Which drugs are these? (Select all that apply.)
- ADigoxin✓ 正解地高辛
- BVancomycin✓ 正解萬古黴素
- CLithium✓ 正解鋰鹽
- DPhenytoin✓ 正解苯妥英
- EAmoxicillin阿莫西林
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
需要進行血中濃度監測（Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, TDM）的藥物，通常具有「治療指數狹窄」（Narrow Therapeutic Index）的特性，即治療劑量與中毒劑量非常接近。精確監測藥物谷濃度（Trough level）或尖峰濃度（Peak level）對於預防中毒或確保療效至關重要。
Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index, such as digoxin, vancomycin, lithium, and phenytoin, require serum concentration monitoring. These medications have a small margin between therapeutic and toxic doses, making precise level checks vital for safety and efficacy. Routine antibiotics like amoxicillin do not typically require such monitoring.