— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人接受靜脈注射萬古黴素（vancomycin），輸注後不久頸部與臉部出現潮紅。下列何者為優先處置？
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin. The nurse observes flushing of the neck and face shortly after the infusion begins. Which action is the priority?
- AAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
- BDiscontinue the infusion and notify the provider停止輸注並通知醫師
- CObtain vital signs and document the findings測量生命徵象並記錄發現
- DSlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
臉部潮紅稱為「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），這是萬古黴素輸注速度過快引起的組織胺釋放，而非過敏反應。處理方式為減慢輸注速度或暫停，而非立即停藥。確認無低血壓等休克症狀後，通常可重新調整流速繼續輸注。
Facial flushing is called 'Red Man Syndrome,' caused by histamine release from rapid vancomycin infusion—not an allergic reaction. Treatment is to slow or pause the infusion rather than discontinue. After confirming no hypotension or shock, the infusion can usually resume at an adjusted rate.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆遵循減慢輸注的 protocol，差異在於台灣對紅人症候群的警覺性教育普遍，常將其列入輸液護理考題重點。