— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在經歷恐慌發作。哪項護理介入對穩定病人最有效？
A client is experiencing a panic attack. Which nursing intervention is most effective in stabilizing the client?
- AProvide clear, concise, and short directions✓ 正解提供清晰、簡潔且短促的指示
- BEncourage the client to analyze why they are afraid鼓勵客戶分析其恐懼的原因
- CInstruct the client to breathe into a paper bag指示客戶用紙袋呼吸
- DAsk the client to walk around the unit to distract them要求客戶在病房周圍走動以分散注意力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
恐慌發作時，病人通常表現為極度焦慮、生理徵象亢進（心悸、呼吸急促）與認知扭曲（如瀕死感）。護理介入的首要原則是溝通簡化（A），因為病人此時的認知處理能力受限，長句或複雜邏輯會增加其混亂感。紙袋呼吸法（C）現已證實不安全（可能引發低氧）。分析原因（B）或四處走動（D）會增加壓力與刺激，不利於穩定情緒。
During a panic attack, a client’s cognitive processing is impaired, making simple, concise directions the most effective intervention to reduce confusion and anxiety. Complex cognitive tasks like analyzing fears are inappropriate, and paper bag breathing is no longer recommended due to the risk of hypoxemia. Physical activity or excessive stimulation can further increase agitation rather than promote stabilization.