— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師搬移病人時,應採取何項措施防止背部傷害?
Which action should the nurse take to prevent back injuries when lifting a client?
- AKeep feet close together雙腳併攏
- BKeep the weight close to the body✓ 正解將重量靠近身體
- CTwist the back while lifting搬運時扭轉背部
- DBend at the waist to reach the client彎腰以接觸病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人體力學(Body Mechanics)的核心在於保護脊椎與減少肌肉骨骼損傷。搬運病人時,應將負載物儘量靠近身體重心,以縮短力臂,降低腰椎(Lumbar spine)承受的扭矩。此外,應使用雙腿力量(腿部肌肉較強大)而非背部肌肉。任何旋轉(Twisting)動作都會對椎間盤造成極大的剪力,增加受傷風險。
To prevent back injuries, the nurse should keep the weight close to the body to reduce the leverage and torque placed on the lumbar spine. This technique utilizes the stronger leg muscles for lifting while maintaining a wide base of support, avoiding twisting or bending at the waist.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理機構極度重視護理師的職業安全,許多醫院推行「無人工搬運(No-lift policy)」,全面使用移位機(Hoyer lift)或滑墊(Slide board)。赴美後,若遇病人過重,請優先尋求輔助設備或同事協助,而非僅憑個人力學。