— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師即將給予病人每日一次的口服 furosemide 40 mg，給藥前最需評估哪項數值？
A client is prescribed furosemide 40 mg PO daily. Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to evaluate before administration?
- APeripheral edema周邊水腫
- BDaily weight每日體重
- CBlood pressure血壓
- DSerum potassium level✓ 正解血清鉀濃度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 屬於環利尿劑（Loop Diuretic），其主要機轉為抑制亨利氏環（Loop of Henle）對鈉、氯的再吸收，同時伴隨鉀離子的排出。由於低血鉀（Hypokalemia）是使用此類藥物最常見且危險的副作用，可能導致嚴重心律不整（如室性心搏過速），因此給藥前評估鉀離子數值是確保病人安全的核心步驟。護理師應特別關注數值是否低於 3.5 mEq/L，若過低則需暫停給藥並通知醫師。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle, leading to significant potassium excretion. Hypokalemia is a major adverse effect that can precipitate life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, making serum potassium assessment the priority before administration.