— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為一位嗜中性白血球減少症（neutropenia）的病人規劃護理計畫，應包含哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning care for a client with neutropenia. Which actions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep fresh flowers and potted plants out of the room✓ 正解將鮮花和盆栽移出病房
- BInstruct the client to perform frequent hand hygiene✓ 正解指導病人頻繁進行手部衛生
- CEnsure all fruit and vegetables are thoroughly washed before serving確保所有水果和蔬菜在供應前徹底清洗
- DRestrict visitors who have signs of illness✓ 正解限制有生病跡象的探視者進入
- ELimit the use of invasive procedures✓ 正解限制侵入性手術的使用
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球減少病人免疫力極弱，預防感染是核心。鮮花與植栽帶有真菌，禁止放置；手部衛生與探視管制是防禦外來病原體；減少侵入性操作可避免細菌進入血液。C 選項錯誤：應採取低微生物飲食（low-microbial diet），應禁止生食而非僅僅洗淨。
To prevent infection in neutropenic clients, the nurse should keep fresh flowers and plants out of the room as they may harbor fungi, instruct the client on frequent hand hygiene to reduce contamination, restrict visitors with signs of illness, and limit invasive procedures to prevent bloodstream infections. The nurse should also enforce a low-microbial diet by avoiding raw fruits and vegetables rather than merely washing them.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於嗜中性白血球減少的防護措施原則高度一致，皆會執行保護性隔離（Protective Isolation）。