護理師為裝有永久性起搏器的病人進行出院指導。應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）

此題旨在評估護理師對裝有永久性起搏器（permanent pacemaker）病人出院衛教的知識。起搏器是一種植入體內的醫療裝置，用於幫助調節心率，確保心臟正常跳動。病人出院後需要了解如何安全地生活，避免可能影響起搏器功能的環境因素，並識別潛在的問題。 正確答案 A、C、D、E 都是重要的出院指導。避免靠近電子防盜門可以減少電磁干擾的風險。每日監測脈搏可以評估起搏器功能是否正常。隨身攜帶識別卡是為了在緊急情況下提供重要醫療資訊。術後初期避免患側手臂提重物是為了防止起搏器導線移位。 臨床思路：護理師在對起搏器病人進行出院衛教時，應著重於以下幾個方面：保護起搏器植入部位、識別感染跡象、了解電磁干擾的風險與預防、監測心率、以及定期回診。衛教內容應清晰明瞭，確保病人及其家屬能充分理解並遵守。在美國，護理師在病人出院前的衛教環節非常重要，需確保病人對居家照護有足夠的知識和信心，以避免併發症並維持生活品質。

This question evaluates the nurse's knowledge of discharge teaching for a client with a permanent pacemaker. A pacemaker is an implanted medical device that helps regulate heart rate and ensure normal cardiac function. After discharge, the client must understand how to live safely, avoid environmental factors that may affect pacemaker function, and recognize potential problems. The correct answers, A, C, D, and E, are all important discharge instructions. Avoiding standing near electronic anti-theft devices reduces the risk of electromagnetic interference. Daily pulse monitoring helps assess whether the pacemaker is functioning normally. Carrying an identification card provides important medical information in emergencies. Avoiding heavy lifting with the affected arm in the early postoperative period helps prevent lead dislodgement. Clinical reasoning: discharge teaching for pacemaker clients should focus on protecting the implant site, recognizing signs of infection, understanding the risk of and preventing electromagnetic interference, monitoring heart rate, and following up regularly. Teaching should be clear and ensure the client and family fully understand and adhere to it. In the US, pre-discharge teaching is essential so the client has the knowledge and confidence for home care to avoid complications and maintain quality of life.