— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪項護理行為支持病人的自主權？（選所有適合的）
Which actions by the nurse support client autonomy? (Select all that apply.)
- AProviding the client with options for care timing✓ 正解提供病人關於照護時間的選擇
- BAnswering questions honestly about their prognosis✓ 正解誠實回答關於預後的疑問
- CRespecting a client's choice to refuse a treatment✓ 正解尊重病人拒絕治療的選擇
- DTelling the client what is best for them and expecting compliance告訴病人什麼對他們最好並期望其配合
- EExplaining the risks and benefits of proposed interventions✓ 正解解釋所提議介入措施的風險與益處
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
自主權（Autonomy）意指尊重病人的自我決定能力。提供照護時程選擇、誠實告知預後、尊重治療拒絕權、解釋利弊，均是落實自主權的表現。強迫或直接下指令（選項 D）屬於家長式作風（Paternalism），會剝奪病人的自主權。
Essential discharge planning includes verifying the client's understanding of medication side effects, scheduling follow-up appointments, providing written instructions in their preferred language, and assessing home support systems. These steps ensure continuity of care and reduce readmission risks, whereas a pre-discharge physical exam is a routine assessment rather than a core planning component.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫病關係正在從家長式逐漸轉向共同決策（Shared Decision Making, SDM），概念逐漸與美國接軌。