— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · SATA —
照護麻疹病人時,需要哪些防護措施?(選所有適合的)
Which precautions are required for a client with Measles? (Select all that apply.)
- ANegative-pressure room✓ 正解負壓病房
- BN95 respirator✓ 正解N95 呼吸防護具
- CSurgical mask on the client during transport✓ 正解轉送期間病人佩戴外科口罩
- DContact precautions接觸隔離
- EStandard gown and gloves標準防護衣與手套
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
麻疹(Measles)屬於高度傳染性的空氣傳染疾病,其病原體可懸浮於空氣中並長距離傳播。臨床照護的核心原則是防止病原體擴散,因此必須採取空氣隔離(Airborne Precautions)。正確措施包括將病人安置於負壓隔離病房,護理人員進入時需配戴 N95 呼吸防護具(Respirator)以過濾微小飛沫核,若病人必須離開病室轉送,則需配戴外科口罩以控制感染源。
Measles requires airborne precautions, including placing the client in a negative-pressure room and having healthcare providers wear N95 respirators. Clients should wear surgical masks during transport to contain respiratory secretions, as contact precautions and gowns/gloves are not the primary requirements.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國,這類隔離規範嚴格遵循 CDC 的《Guideline for Isolation Precautions》,負壓設施與 N95 配戴(含 Fit testing)是強制性的職場安全要求,違規可能導致感染控制稽核缺失。