— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人獲開立 Clopidogrel (保栓通)。護理師應評估哪項嚴重的副作用?
A client is prescribed clopidogrel. The nurse should assess for which serious side effect?
- AIncreased appetite食慾增加
- BBleeding or bruising✓ 正解出血或瘀青
- CConstipation便秘
- DHypertension高血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Clopidogrel (保栓通) 為抗血小板藥物(Antiplatelet agent),透過抑制血小板聚集來預防血栓。因其抑制凝血機制,最嚴重的臨床副作用為出血(Bleeding)。護理師在評估時,需特別注意有無黏膜出血、異常瘀青、血尿或黑便等徵象。臨床思路應以出血預防與偵測為優先,確保病人安全。
Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet agent that inhibits platelet aggregation to prevent thrombus formation. Because it interferes with normal clotting mechanisms, the most serious potential side effect is bleeding. Nurses must closely monitor clients for signs such as mucosal bleeding, unusual bruising, hematuria, or melena.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國臨床實務中,護理師需特別重視病人是否同時服用非處方藥(如 NSAIDs 或草本補充劑),因為它們會加重出血風險,這是衛教時的重點。