— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人獲開立 Spironolactone。護理師應指導病人限制攝取下列哪種食物？
A client is prescribed Spironolactone. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to limit?
- ABananas✓ 正解香蕉
- BDairy products乳製品
- CLeafy greens葉菜類
- DWhole grains全穀類
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Spironolactone 是保鉀利尿劑（Potassium-sparing diuretic）。其作用機制會抑制醛固酮，導致鉀離子滯留。因此，攝取高鉀食物（如香蕉、柑橘）會增加高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）的風險，可能危及心臟功能，故需限制。
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that reduces potassium excretion, increasing the risk of hyperkalemia. Clients should be instructed to limit high-potassium foods, such as bananas, to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias associated with elevated serum potassium levels.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣衛教資源中，常會針對長期服用保鉀利尿劑的病人提供詳細的高鉀食物清單，美國則多由臨床營養師介入。