— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
病人被開立華法林（Warfarin）治療。下列哪些陳述顯示病人需要進一步衛教？（選所有適合的）
A patient is prescribed warfarin therapy. Which patient statements indicate the need for further education? (Select all that apply.)
- AI will increase my intake of green leafy vegetables✓ 正解我會增加綠色葉菜類的攝取量
- BI will use a soft-bristled toothbrush for oral hygiene我會使用軟毛牙刷進行口腔清潔
- CI will take an extra dose if I miss my medication✓ 正解如果我漏服藥物，我會額外服用一劑
- DI will inform my dentist about taking this medication我會告知牙醫我正在服用此藥物
- EI will use over-the-counter aspirin for mild headaches✓ 正解我會使用非處方阿斯匹靈來緩解輕微頭痛
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
華法林為維生素 K 拮抗劑。A（增加深綠色蔬菜）會攝取大量維生素 K 而影響藥效；C（補吃劑量）可能導致出血風險大增；E（自行使用阿斯匹靈）會增加出血風險。病人應保持飲食攝取穩定，並避免未經醫囑使用抗血小板藥物。
Increasing intake of green leafy vegetables introduces large amounts of vitamin K, which antagonizes warfarin and reduces its anticoagulant effect. Taking double doses to make up for missed medications significantly increases the risk of hemorrhage, and using aspirin adds to the bleeding risk due to its antiplatelet properties.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國有結構化的 INR 門診與藥師諮詢，台灣多由護理師衛教並請病人定期回診監測。