— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人診斷為 SIADH（抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群）。哪一項護理評估結果最符合此診斷？
A client is diagnosed with SIADH. Which nursing assessment finding would be most consistent with this diagnosis?
- ASerum sodium 125 mEq/L✓ 正解血清鈉 125 mEq/L
- BPolyuria多尿
- CSerum osmolality 310 mOsm/kg血清滲透壓 310 mOsm/kg
- DUrine specific gravity 1.002尿液比重的 1.002
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
SIADH（抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群）導致身體過度分泌抗利尿激素，造成水分滯留、細胞外液稀釋，進而引發「稀釋性低血鈉」。臨床評估會發現血鈉數值下降（<135 mEq/L），尿液比重升高（尿液濃縮），血清滲透壓下降。病人不會出現多尿，反而因為水分滯留而導致寡尿。治療重點在於水分限制與補充高張鹽水（視情況）。
SIADH results in excessive water retention, which dilutes serum sodium and leads to hyponatremia, typically below 135 mEq/L. This condition also causes decreased serum osmolality and increased urine specific gravity due to concentrated urine output. Monitoring these electrolyte and fluid balance parameters is essential for diagnosis and management.