— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師對一位久坐的老年人進行健康促進,下列哪項行動最有效?
Which action by the nurse demonstrates effective health promotion for a sedentary older adult?
- AEncouraging them to run marathons鼓勵他們跑馬拉松
- BSetting small, achievable activity goals✓ 正解設定小而可達成的活動目標
- CIgnoring physical status until they request help忽略身體狀況直到他們請求幫助
- DPrescribing intense, high-impact exercise處方強度高、衝擊性大的運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對久坐老年人的健康促進,護理師應採取「階梯式」介入策略。老年人常因身體功能衰退或對運動缺乏信心而抗拒運動,設定小型、可達成的目標(Small, achievable goals)能有效提升病人的自我效能感(Self-efficacy),增加長期維持運動習慣的意願。臨床上應避免過度激進的目標,以免導致運動傷害或心理挫折,影響遵囑性。
Setting small, achievable activity goals enhances self-efficacy and motivation in sedentary older adults, making it more likely they will maintain long-term exercise habits. This gradual approach prevents injury and psychological frustration associated with unrealistic expectations.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國,這類衛教強調「跨專業合作」,護理師通常會轉介給物理治療師(PT)進行運動處方設計,而在台灣護理師往往需承擔更多直接的衛教指導責任。