— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師在社區進行初級預防衛教。下列哪些活動屬於初級預防？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community group about primary prevention. Which examples qualify as primary prevention? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdministering a flu shot✓ 正解施打流感疫苗
- BPerforming a colonoscopy進行大腸鏡檢查
- CEncouraging use of seat belts✓ 正解鼓勵使用安全帶
- DConducting blood pressure screenings進行血壓篩檢
- ETeaching about healthy nutritional habits✓ 正解教導健康營養習慣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防醫學分為三級。初級預防（Primary Prevention）旨在「在疾病發生前」消除危險因子，如疫苗接種、健康教育、安全防護。次級預防（Secondary Prevention）則是在「疾病初期」透過篩檢早期發現與治療。三級預防（Tertiary Prevention）則是針對「已發病」者進行復健，防止併發症。
Preventive medicine is divided into three levels. Primary prevention aims to eliminate risk factors "before disease occurs," such as vaccination, health education, and safety protection. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment "in the early stages of disease" through screening. Tertiary prevention is directed at those "already affected by disease," providing rehabilitation and preventing complications.