— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師執行皮下肝素（Heparin）注射。下列哪項操作是正確的？
A nurse is administering subcutaneous heparin. Which action is appropriate?
- AInject into the abdominal fat layer✓ 正解注射至腹部脂肪層
- BMassage the site after injection注射後按摩注射部位
- CUse a 1-inch needle使用1吋針頭
- DAspirate before injecting注射前回抽
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肝素注射應選擇腹部脂肪層，避開臍周圍 2 英吋區域。注射時不需回抽（以免造成組織損傷與瘀血），注射後不可按摩部位（以免加重皮下出血）。使用針頭長度通常為 3/8 到 5/8 英吋，1 吋針頭太長，易導致肌肉內注射。正確的注射技術能有效減少瘀青發生。
Subcutaneous heparin should be injected into the abdominal fat layer, avoiding the area within 2 inches of the umbilicus. Aspiration is contraindicated as it can cause tissue damage and bruising, and the site should not be massaged post-injection to prevent hematoma formation. A short needle (3/8 to 5/8 inch) is used to ensure subcutaneous delivery rather than intramuscular injection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆遵循「不回抽、不按摩」原則，但美國護理實務中更強調需確認避開腹部手術疤痕或瘀青處。