— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位腹瀉的病人。下列哪些介入措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client with diarrhea? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease oral fluid intake✓ 正解增加口服液體攝取
- BMonitor electrolytes✓ 正解監測電解質
- CProvide a low-fiber, bland diet✓ 正解提供低纖維、清淡飲食
- DEncourage spicy food to stimulate appetite鼓勵食用辛辣食物以刺激食慾
- EPerform perineal care after every bowel movement✓ 正解每次排便後執行會陰護理
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
腹瀉病人的護理重點在於預防脫水（Dehydration）與維持電解質平衡。水分補充（A）與電解質監測（B）是臨床第一要務。飲食應採清淡且低纖維（C），以減少對腸道的機械性刺激。頻繁的排便會刺激肛周皮膚，因此執行會陰部清潔與護理（E）是防止皮膚破損的必要措施。辛辣食物會刺激腸胃蠕動，加重腹瀉，必須禁止。
Priority interventions for diarrhea include increasing oral fluids and monitoring electrolytes to prevent dehydration and imbalance. A low-fiber, bland diet reduces bowel activity, while perineal care after each bowel movement prevents skin breakdown. Spicy foods are avoided as they irritate the gastrointestinal tract.