— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位呼吸性酸中毒的病人，護理師應採取哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with respiratory acidosis. Which interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AEncourage deep breathing and coughing✓ 正解鼓勵深呼吸與咳嗽
- BAdminister sodium bicarbonate IV靜脈注射碳酸氫鈉
- CMonitor arterial blood gas results✓ 正解監測動脈血液氣體結果
- DPosition the client in a semi-Fowler's position✓ 正解將病人置於半坐臥位
- EProvide supplemental oxygen as ordered✓ 正解依醫囑提供補充氧氣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
呼吸性酸中毒主因為二氧化碳滯留，處置核心為增加肺部通氣效率。深呼吸與咳嗽、半坐臥位可助肺擴張；監測動脈血氣（ABG）以評估治療成效；給氧可緩解缺氧。碳酸氫鈉通常用於代謝性酸中毒，呼吸性問題首重改善通氣，過度使用鹼劑可能導致酸鹼平衡過度矯正。
Respiratory acidosis is caused by carbon dioxide retention, so interventions focus on improving ventilation and oxygenation. Appropriate actions include encouraging deep breathing and coughing, positioning the client in semi-Fowler’s position, monitoring arterial blood gases, and providing supplemental oxygen as ordered.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美兩地在呼吸治療師的介入上有落差，美國呼吸治療師在急性照護中佔比高，護理師與其協作更為緊密。