— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師教導病人使用誘發性肺量計（Incentive Spirometer）。下列哪項說明是正確的？
A nurse is teaching a client how to use an incentive spirometer. Which instruction is correct?
- AUse the device once a day每天使用該裝置一次
- BHold breath for 2 seconds after inhalation吸氣後憋氣 2 秒
- CExhale deeply into the mouthpiece向咬嘴深層呼氣
- DInhale slowly and deeply✓ 正解緩慢且深長地吸氣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
使用誘發性肺量計目的是為了肺部擴張。病人應緩慢、深層地吸氣（Inhale），並維持吸氣狀態（Hold）約 3-5 秒，確保肺泡充分擴張。呼氣應在脫離咬嘴後進行。一天需多次練習（每小時 5-10 次）。
Standard precautions require hand hygiene after glove removal, proper disposal of sharps, and wearing gloves when touching blood or non-intact skin. These measures protect both the nurse and the client from infection without requiring universal mask use or private rooms.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床對於 IS 的教導一致，皆強調「吸氣」訓練與「預防術後肺炎」之重要性。