— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人開始服用血管張力素轉換酶抑制劑（ACEI）來控制高血壓。護理師應指導病人若出現何種副作用需立即回報？
A nurse is caring for a client who is starting on an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Which side effect should the nurse instruct the client to report immediately?
- ASwelling of the face, tongue, or throat✓ 正解臉部、舌頭或喉嚨腫脹
- BDizziness upon standing站立時的頭暈
- CMild headache輕微頭痛
- DDry, persistent cough乾性、持續性咳嗽
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
ACEI 常見的輕微副作用包括乾咳（因緩激肽堆積）。然而，血管神經性水腫（Angioedema）是一種罕見但危及生命的嚴重過敏反應，表現為臉部、舌頭或喉嚨腫脹，導致呼吸道阻塞。這屬於醫療急症，需立即處置。
While dry cough and orthostatic hypotension are common side effects of ACE inhibitors, angioedema is a rare but life-threatening emergency characterized by swelling of the face, tongue, or throat. This swelling can rapidly compromise the airway, requiring immediate medical intervention. Clients must be instructed to report these signs immediately.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台藥物衛教一致，皆特別強調血管神經性水腫的嚴重性，台灣護理師常會在發藥時特別口頭提醒。