護理師準備靜脈輸注抗生素,下列哪項行動對於降低感染風險最為關鍵?
A nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous antibiotic to a client. Which action is most important to reduce the risk of infection?
- ALabeling the IV bag with the client's name在靜脈輸液袋上標示病人姓名
- BWearing sterile gloves戴無菌手套
- CWiping the IV hub with an alcohol pad用酒精棉片擦拭靜脈接頭
- DWashing hands with soap and water for 20 seconds✓ 正解用肥皂和水洗手 20 秒
執行任何侵入性治療之前,手部衛生(Hand Hygiene)是防止醫療相關感染(HAI)最簡單且最有效的方法。根據 CDC 及 WHO 的標準規範,護理師應在與病人接觸前及進行無菌技術操作前徹底執行洗手。選項 B 的無菌手套在常規靜脈注射或給藥中並非絕對必要,若手部未清潔,戴手套反而會產生錯誤的安全感。選項 C 的酒精擦拭也很重要,但相較於整體的手部衛生,洗手是護理師防護的第一道防線。選項 A 屬於給藥安全(Medication Safety),與感染控制無直接關聯。因此,在臨床實務中,將手部清潔視為所有無菌操作的基石是考題的核心原則。
Hand hygiene is the single most effective method for preventing healthcare-associated infections and must be performed before any invasive procedure or medication administration. While scrubbing the IV hub is important, it is secondary to ensuring clean hands, and sterile gloves are not routinely required for standard IV access.
美國醫院稽核嚴格,護理師若未在病人面前洗手或使用酒精乾洗手液,常會被病人或感染管制師直接糾正;台灣醫院雖然極力推廣手部衛生,但在忙碌的臨床環境下,護理師常習慣在操作前直接戴手套,對『洗手』步驟的執行落實度仍有改進空間。