— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助臥床不動的病人調整臥位，下列哪項人體工學原則最應優先執行？
A nurse is assisting an immobile client in bed to shift positions. Which principle of body mechanics should the nurse prioritize?
- ATwist the torso to avoid bending the knees扭轉軀幹以避免彎曲膝蓋
- BKeep the feet close together to maintain balance雙腳緊靠以保持平衡
- CKeep the client as close to the nurse's body as possible✓ 正解讓病人盡量靠近護理師的身體
- DUse the back muscles to pull the client toward the edge of the bed使用背部肌肉將病人拉向床緣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人體工學（Body mechanics）的原則在於減少腰椎扭力與背部壓力。將病人盡量靠近身體（Center of gravity）可以縮短力臂，顯著減輕背部負擔。其他錯誤做法如扭轉身體（Twisting）、使用背部而非腿部肌肉，以及雙腳過度併攏，都會增加腰椎受傷風險。護理師應使用大肌肉群（如腿部）進行施力，並保持背部平直。
To minimize strain on the lower back, the nurse should keep the client as close to their own center of gravity as possible, which shortens the lever arm and reduces torque. Proper body mechanics also involve maintaining a wide base of support and using large muscle groups in the legs rather than twisting the torso or relying on back muscles.