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安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ

護理師照顧一名疑似肺結核的病人,下列哪項診斷檢查是確診的黃金標準?

A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Which diagnostic test is the gold standard for confirmation?

  • AMantoux tuberculin skin test
    曼圖氏結核菌素皮膚試驗
  • BQuantiFERON-TB Gold blood test
    QuantiFERON-TB Gold 血液檢測
  • CSputum culture✓ 正解
    痰培養
  • DChest X-ray
    胸部 X 光
Explanation · 中文詳解

肺結核的確診金標準為痰液培養(Sputum Culture),能從痰液中分離出結核分枝桿菌。皮試與血液檢查僅能顯示暴露與免疫反應,X光顯示浸潤病灶,但這些都只能作為篩檢或參考,無法作為最終確診的絕對依據。

Sputum culture is the gold standard for confirming a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis because it allows for the definitive identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While skin tests, blood tests, and chest X-rays are useful for screening or suggesting the disease, they cannot confirm active infection.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台灣針對肺結核有嚴格的法定傳染病通報與 DOTS 治療計畫,美國則更依賴公共衛生單位的個案管理。

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