— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照顧一名疑似肺結核的病人,下列哪項診斷檢查是確診的黃金標準?
A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Which diagnostic test is the gold standard for confirmation?
- AMantoux tuberculin skin test曼圖氏結核菌素皮膚試驗
- BQuantiFERON-TB Gold blood testQuantiFERON-TB Gold 血液檢測
- CSputum culture✓ 正解痰培養
- DChest X-ray胸部 X 光
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核的確診金標準為痰液培養(Sputum Culture),能從痰液中分離出結核分枝桿菌。皮試與血液檢查僅能顯示暴露與免疫反應,X光顯示浸潤病灶,但這些都只能作為篩檢或參考,無法作為最終確診的絕對依據。
Sputum culture is the gold standard for confirming a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis because it allows for the definitive identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While skin tests, blood tests, and chest X-rays are useful for screening or suggesting the disease, they cannot confirm active infection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣針對肺結核有嚴格的法定傳染病通報與 DOTS 治療計畫,美國則更依賴公共衛生單位的個案管理。