— 照護管理 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位末期病人，病人詢問有關預立醫療決定的資訊。下列護理師的回答何者適當？
A nurse is caring for a client who is terminally ill and requesting information about advance directives. Which of the following statements by the nurse is appropriate?
- AAdvance directives prevent the medical team from providing any care.預立醫療指示可防止醫療團隊提供任何照護
- BThese documents are permanent and cannot be changed once signed.這些文件一旦簽署即為永久有效，不得更改
- CYou must have a lawyer present to sign these documents.簽署這些文件必須有律師在場
- DAn advance directive allows you to state your wishes regarding end-of-life care.✓ 正解預立醫療指示允許您陳述關於臨終照護的意願
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預立醫療決定（Advance Directives）旨在保障病人在失去決策能力時的意願。病人可透過此文件明確指定醫療代理人及末期照護偏好。此文件不需律師參與（僅需見證人或公證），可隨時撤銷或修訂，且不代表放棄所有醫療照護，僅針對特定處置。
An advance directive allows clients to document their preferences for end-of-life care and appoint a healthcare proxy in case they lose decision-making capacity. These documents are not permanent, do not require a lawyer, and do not mean withholding all medical care, but rather specifying which interventions to accept or refuse.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國有明確的 PSDA 法案；台灣則有《病人自主權利法》，兩者皆強調預立醫療告知。