— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師在社區進行初級預防策略衛教，下列哪項活動應納入演講內容？
A nurse is teaching a community group about primary prevention strategies. Which activity should the nurse include in the presentation?
- AAdministering the hepatitis B vaccine to infants✓ 正解對嬰兒施打乙型肝炎疫苗
- BProviding annual mammograms for women over 40為40歲以上女性提供年度乳房攝影檢查
- CReferring a client for physical therapy after a stroke將中風病人轉介接受物理治療
- DConducting blood pressure screenings at a senior center在長者中心進行血壓篩檢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防（Primary Prevention）目的是在疾病發生前進行防禦，如預防接種、健康飲食與運動指導。A 選項透過疫苗主動產生抗體，屬於典型的初級預防。B 與 D 屬於次級預防（Secondary Prevention），著重於疾病篩檢與早期發現。C 屬於三級預防（Tertiary Prevention），目的是減少併發症並促進復健。
Administering the hepatitis B vaccine to infants is a primary prevention strategy aimed at preventing disease before it occurs. Mammograms and blood pressure screenings are secondary prevention methods focused on early detection, while physical therapy after a stroke is tertiary prevention designed to reduce complications and promote rehabilitation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於預防醫學的定義一致，但台灣針對疫苗接種的普及率極高，由衛福部統一規劃。