— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正向父母提供關於兒童安全的預期性指導。對於嬰兒(0-12 個月)而言,有關窒息危險的最重要安全建議是什麼?
A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents about child safety. Which is the most critical safety recommendation for an infant (0-12 months) regarding choking hazards?
- AKeep small objects out of reach.✓ 正解將小物件放在觸摸不到的地方
- BSupervise all feeding times closely.密切監督所有餵食時間
- CAvoid giving infants small, hard candies.避免給予嬰兒小顆硬糖
- DEnsure all toys are labeled 'non-toxic'.確保所有玩具標示為『無毒』
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於 0-12 個月的嬰兒,他們處於「口腔期(Oral stage)」,習慣透過嘴巴探索環境,因此窒息預防(Choking prevention)是安全指導的重中之重。最有效的預防策略是「環境控制(Environmental control)」,即將任何直徑小於衛生紙捲筒、可能被誤吞的小物件移除。這比單純的監督更為可靠,因為嬰兒的動作速度極快,監督往往無法百分之百覆蓋所有潛在風險。
Infants explore their environment orally, making environmental control the most effective strategy for preventing choking. Removing small objects that fit inside a toilet paper roll eliminates the primary hazard more reliably than supervision alone.