— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師規劃社區高齡者健康促進計畫。下列哪個主題對於預防跌倒最為有效？
A nurse is planning a community health program for older adults. Which topic is most effective for preventing falls?
- ASuggesting the use of soft-soled slippers at home建議在家中使用軟底拖鞋
- BReplacing all floor carpets with hardwood surfaces將所有地毯地板更換為硬木地板
- CEncouraging strict bed rest during the night鼓勵夜間嚴格卧床休息
- DReviewing medication side effects, especially sedatives✓ 正解檢視藥物副作用，特別是鎮靜劑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高齡者跌倒常與多重用藥（Polypharmacy）引起的副作用相關，特別是鎮靜劑、降血壓藥或利尿劑可能導致姿勢性低血壓或意識狀態改變。護理師應評估用藥安全性。C 錯誤：過度臥床會導致肌力流失；B 錯誤：硬地板可能更滑；A 錯誤：拖鞋容易造成絆倒，應選防滑鞋。
Medication review is the most effective strategy for fall prevention in older adults, as sedatives and other drugs can impair balance and cognition. Soft slippers increase tripping risks, while bed rest leads to muscle weakness that further elevates fall potential.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國有專門的藥物重整（Medication Reconciliation）流程；台灣臨床則常由醫師執行，護理師較少介入用藥副作用的系統性評估。