— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備執行氯化鉀靜脈輸注，下列哪些安全措施是必須的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV infusion. Which of the following safety measures are required? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the concentration and infusion rate✓ 正解確認濃度與輸注速率
- BUse an infusion pump for delivery✓ 正解使用輸注幫浦進行給藥
- CAssess IV site for phlebitis or infiltration✓ 正解評估靜脈穿刺處是否有靜脈炎或滲漏
- DAdminister the drug via IV push透過靜脈推注給藥
- ECheck the client's urine output before administration✓ 正解在給藥前檢查病人的尿液排出量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子具有極高危險性，絕對不可靜脈推注（IV Push），否則會造成致命的心律不整。輸注前需確保腎功能正常（尿量 > 30 mL/hr），並使用幫浦嚴格控速，同時密切監測注射部位，因為鉀離子具強烈血管刺激性，易致靜脈炎。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication that must never be given via IV push due to the risk of fatal cardiac arrest. Safety measures include verifying concentration and rate, using an infusion pump, assessing the IV site for irritation, and ensuring adequate urine output to confirm renal function before administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美兩地對鉀離子輸注的管控均極為嚴格，屬於高警訊藥物（High-alert medication），皆須雙人核對與幫浦給藥。