NurslixJournal
安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ

護理師負責照護一名具有困難梭狀芽孢桿菌(C. diff)感染史的病人。護理師採取的哪項行動對於預防病原體傳播最為重要?

A nurse is assigned to care for a client with a history of Clostridioides difficile infection. Which action by the nurse is the most important for preventing the spread of this pathogen?

  • AWashing hands with soap and water after patient contact.✓ 正解
    接觸病人後以肥皂和水洗手
  • BWearing a surgical mask when entering the client's room.
    進入病人房間時佩戴外科口罩
  • CUsing an alcohol-based hand rub after providing direct care.
    提供直接照護後使用酒精性乾洗手液
  • DMaintaining the client in a negative-pressure room.
    將病人安置於負壓隔離病房
Explanation · 中文詳解

本題的核心概念在於困難梭狀芽孢桿菌(C. diff)的孢子特性。C. diff 產生的孢子具有極強的環境抵抗力,一般的酒精乾洗手液(Alcohol-based hand rub)無法有效破壞其外殼並滅活。在處理此類病人後,護理人員必須使用肥皂和流動清水進行『濕洗手』,利用物理性的機械摩擦力將孢子從手部皮膚表面移除。這是預防醫療照護相關感染(HAI)中最關鍵的安全步驟。其他預防措施如接觸隔離(Contact Precautions)亦包括戴手套與穿隔離衣,但手部衛生是預防傳播的首要防線。若忽略此原則,孢子將在病房環境中存留數月,造成大規模交叉感染。

Clostridioides difficile spores are resistant to alcohol-based hand sanitizers, making soap and water handwashing essential to mechanically remove them from the skin. This method is the most effective way to prevent the spread of this pathogen during patient care.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國 NCLEX 考試中,C. diff 必須濕洗手是極為常見的高頻考點,且美國 CDC 嚴格執行此規範。台灣雖然在感染控制指引中也強調濕洗手,但在臨床忙碌時,部分人員可能過度依賴酒精消毒,且醫院對於乾洗手液的佈點密度有時高於洗手台,容易導致執行上的偏差。

Related · 同分類的其他題目

More from Safety & Infection Control

瀏覽全部 1,517 題 安全與感染控制 →
Jump to another chapter