— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正接受靜脈注射氯化鉀（KCl）。下列哪項護理措施為優先？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of potassium chloride. Which nursing action is priority?
- AMonitor the patient's urine output監測病人尿液排出量
- BAssess the IV site for signs of phlebitis評估靜脈注射部位是否有靜脈炎跡象
- CVerify the concentration and infusion rate✓ 正解核對濃度與輸注速率
- DCheck the serum potassium level檢查血清鉀濃度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
KCl 是高警戒藥物，過快給予會引發致命性心律不整。護理師首要任務是核對醫囑濃度與輸注速率是否符合安全標準（通常不得超過 10 mEq/hr）。A 為預防併發症，A 為給藥前置條件，D 為治療依據，但給藥當下必須確認輸注安全最為關鍵。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication that can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias if infused too rapidly. The nurse's priority is to verify that the concentration and infusion rate comply with safety standards, typically not exceeding 10 to 20 mEq per hour. While monitoring urine output and assessing the IV site are important, controlling the infusion rate is critical to preventing hyperkalemic cardiac arrest.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國多數機構規定 KCl 必須使用輸液幫浦（infusion pump），台灣基層醫院有時仍依賴滴數計時，風險控制上需格外謹慎。