— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人使用病人自控式止痛（PCA）給予嗎啡，哪項發現最令人擔憂？
A nurse is caring for a client receiving morphine via Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA). Which finding is most concerning?
- ABlood pressure of 105/65 mmHg血壓105/65 mmHg
- BClient is difficult to arouse✓ 正解病人難以喚醒
- CRespiratory rate of 10 breaths/min呼吸速率10次/分
- DClient reports pain level of 4/10病人報告疼痛程度為4/10
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗎啡（Morphine）屬於鴉片類止痛藥，其最嚴重的副作用是呼吸抑制（Respiratory depression）。嗜睡（Sedation）是呼吸抑制的前兆，若病人處於「難以喚醒」（Difficult to arouse）的狀態，顯示其意識與呼吸中樞可能已受到嚴重抑制，必須立即評估呼吸速率並停止給藥。
Difficulty arousing the client is the most concerning finding as it indicates potential opioid-induced sedation and impending respiratory depression. While a respiratory rate of 10 is low, altered mental status is a critical early warning sign that requires immediate assessment and intervention to prevent airway compromise.