— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位尿崩症病人被處方 Desmopressin。護理師應監測何種不良反應?
A client with diabetes insipidus is prescribed desmopressin. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect?
- AHyponatremia✓ 正解低血鈉
- BHyperglycemia高血糖
- CHypotension低血壓
- DHypokalemia低血鉀
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Desmopressin 是一種抗利尿激素類似物,能促進腎臟對水分的重吸收。過量給予可能導致水分滯留,引發稀釋性低血鈉(Hyponatremia),尤其是在病人同時攝入過多水分時。其他選項並非 Desmopressin 的主要不良反應。
Desmopressin is an antidiuretic hormone analog that promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, so the nurse must monitor for signs of water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Excessive fluid intake while on this medication can dangerously lower serum sodium levels, whereas hyperglycemia, hypotension, and hypokalemia are not typical adverse effects.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國糖尿病診斷與治療指引,對 DI 和 SIADH 的鑑別診斷有詳細說明;台灣亦同,但依醫院資源,鑑別診斷流程可能較為簡化。