— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師給予病人靜脈注射速尿靈（Furosemide）。哪項發現最能顯示藥效已發揮？
A nurse is administering a dose of intravenous furosemide. Which finding best indicates that the medication is effective?
- ADecreased serum potassium血清鉀降低
- BImproved appetite食慾改善
- CIncreased urine output✓ 正解尿量增加
- DIncreased blood pressure血壓升高
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 屬於環利尿劑（Loop diuretic），透過抑制亨利氏環（Loop of Henle）對鈉、氯與水的再吸收來發揮利尿作用。臨床上，評估藥物療效的最直接客觀指標是尿量（Urine output）的增加，這代表水分成功經由腎臟排出，達成減輕體液負荷（Fluid volume overload）的治療目標。護理師在給藥後應監測病人的攝入與排出量（I&O）。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and water reabsorption in the Loop of Henle to reduce fluid volume overload. The most direct and objective indicator of its therapeutic effectiveness is an increase in urine output, demonstrating successful renal excretion of excess fluid.