護理師照護一位有自殺風險的病人。哪項安全介入最重要？
A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for suicide. Which safety intervention is most important?
- AAdminister anxiolytics as prescribed按醫囑給予抗焦慮藥物
- BAllow the client to have family visitors at all times允許病人隨時有家屬訪視
- CCheck the client's room every 30 minutes每 30 分鐘檢查一次房間
- DAssign a staff member for one-to-one observation✓ 正解指派專人進行一對一觀察
照護有自殺風險的病人時，最高指導原則是確保其生命安全。自殺風險病人的行為可能快速變化，且難以預測，因此需要最嚴密的監控措施來防止任何自傷行為的發生。一對一持續觀察（One-to-one observation）是臨床上針對高自殺風險病人最有效的安全介入措施，因為它能提供即時的視覺監控，確保病人在任何時間點都處於醫療人員的視線範圍內，從而能立即發現並介入任何潛在的自傷企圖。 正確答案「B」提供了一種持續且直接的監控方式，能最大程度地降低病人自傷的風險。相較於其他選項，它提供了最即時和全面的保護，體現了護理照護中安全優先（Safety First）的核心原則。
When caring for a patient at risk for suicide, the highest priority is to ensure the patient's safety. Suicidal behavior can change rapidly and is unpredictable, so the most stringent monitoring measures are needed to prevent any self-harm. One-to-one observation is the most effective clinical safety intervention for high-risk suicidal patients because it provides real-time visual monitoring, keeping the patient within healthcare staff's line of sight at all times, so any potential self-harm attempt can be detected and stopped immediately. The correct answer D provides continuous, direct monitoring that minimizes the risk of self-harm. Compared to the other options, it offers the most immediate and comprehensive protection, embodying the safety-first principle of nursing care.
美國精神科護理常規中一對一觀察非常普遍；台灣則常因人力限制改由家屬陪同或增加巡房頻率。